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PRE-EXCAVATION GROUTING DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR HARD ROCK EXCAVATIONS
2005
D. Crouthamel
Jacobs Associates
D.W. Farmer
Metropolitan Water District
S. Klein
Jacobs Associates
S.H. Phillips
Consultant

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Groundwater inflows during construction pose one of the greatest risks
to the successful completion of tunnel projects. Inflows can result in
safety concerns, difficulty in mining and ground support, impact sensitive
environmental habitats, create surface settlement and increase costs.
Adequately planned pre-excavation grouting programs benefit both the
Owner and Contractor in reducing risks and controlling project costs
and potential schedule delays. This paper outlines strategic guidelines
for assessment of site conditions for pre-excavation grouting hard rock
tunnels. It also describes the design of pre-excavation grouting programs
with respect to project requirements.
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